Zika Virus ke Baare Mein Jaankari
Zika virus ek bimari hai jo virus se hoti hai. Yeh Aedes machharon ke kaatne se phailti hai jo duniya ke kai hisson mein paye jaate hain. Yeh sex ke through bhi phail sakti hai. Agar koi pregnant mahila infected hoti hai, toh yeh virus fetus ko transfer ho sakta hai. Yeh janm se judi (congenital) conditions jaise ki brain development mein kami aur vision problems cause kar sakta hai.
Zika Virus Kya Hai?
Zika virus (ya Zika fever) ek bimari hai jo kuch khas types ke machhar (Aedes aegypti aur Aedes albopictus) ke kaatne se hoti hai. Yeh ek virus ke kaaran hoti hai jo aapke cells ka use karke apni copies banata hai. Zyada tar logon ko pata bhi nahi chalta ki unhe yeh hai ya unke symptoms bohot mild hote hain. Agar ek pregnant mahila infected hoti hai, toh yeh virus fetus ke brain ko theek se develop hone se rok sakta hai.
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Zika Virus Kahan Paaya Jaata Hai?
Machhar jo Zika le kar aate hain woh duniya ke kai hisson mein paye jaate hain. Americas, Caribbean aur Africa aur Asia ke kuch parts mein Zika ke outbreaks ho chuke hain.
Kya Abhi Zika Virus Ka Koi Outbreak Hai?
2014 se 2017 ke beech Americas mein Zika epidemic tha, jisme U.S. mein 2015 aur 2016 mein outbreaks hue. Tabse U.S. mein jo Zika ke cases aaye hain, woh log jo U.S. ke bahar travel karte waqt infected hue.
Zika Virus Kitna Serious Hai?
Zika Virus pregnant women ke liye bohot serious hota hai kyunki yeh fetus ke development ko rok sakta hai. Zyada tar dusre adults aur bachchon ke liye Zika usually mild hota hai.
Symptoms Aur Causes
Zika Ke Symptoms Kya Hain?
Zika se affected logon mein sirf 1 in 5 ko symptoms hote hain, jo include karte hain:
- Bukhar
- Sar dard
- Joint pain
- Aankhon mein laalpan (pink eye/conjunctivitis)
- Laal laal daane jo raised aur flat hote hain aur kuchh cases mein itchy bhi hote hain (maculopapular rash)
Zika Kya Cause Karta Hai?
Ek type ka flavivirus (RNA virus jo usually machharo se spread hota hai) Zika infections cause karta hai. Dengue fever aur West Nile infections bhi flavivirus types hain.
Zika Virus Kaise Phailta Hai?
Zika virus kai tarikon se phail sakta hai, jaise ki:
- Machhar: Zika ka sabse common way Ae. aegypti aur Ae. albopictus machharo ke kaatne se hota hai. Yeh machhar duniya ke kai parts mein paye jaate hain, including U.S. Yeh Zika spread karte hain jab woh ek infected person ko kaat kar kisi aur ko kaatte hain.
- Pregnant person to fetus: Agar aap pregnant hain aur Zika se infected hain, toh yeh placenta ke through fetus tak ja sakta hai. Zika se aapke bacche ko congenital conditions jaise microcephaly ho sakti hai.
- Sexual contact: Zika virus aapke body fluids jaise semen mein infection ke baad weeks se months tak reh sakta hai, chahe aapke symptoms ho ya chale gaye ho. Yeh oral, anal ya vaginal sex ke through doosre logon mein phail sakta hai.
- Blood transfusion: Health officials ne past mein Brazil aur France mein blood transfusions ke through Zika transmission report kiya tha. U.S. mein kabhi blood transfusion se Zika spread hone ka case report nahi hua hai.
Management Aur Treatment
Zika Virus Kaise Treat Kiya Jaata Hai?
Zika ka koi specific medication nahi hai jo treat ya cure kare. Aapka provider aapke symptoms manage karne mein madad kar sakta hai aur virus ko doosron mein spread hone se rokne ke tarike bata sakta hai. Agar aap pregnant hain aur Zika positive test hoti hain, toh aapka pregnancy care provider aapko safely manage karne mein madad karega.
Agar Main Pregnant Hoon Aur Zika Ho Jaaye Toh Kya Hoga?
Agar aap pregnant hain aur Zika positive test hoti hain, toh aapka pregnancy care provider aapki aur fetus ki health closely monitor karega. Jab aapka baccha paida hoga, toh ek provider usme Zika-related issues test karega.
Aapka provider pregnancy complications aur congenital conditions jo Zika cause kar sakta hai, predict ya prevent nahi kar sakta. Lekin woh aapko aur aapke bacche ko paida hone par face hone wali challenges ke liye prepare karne mein madad kar sakta hai.
Pregnancy-related Zika Complications
Agar aap pregnant hain aur Zika se infected hain, toh yeh virus fetus ko bhi infect kar sakta hai aur uske development ko interfere kar sakta hai. Takreeban 5% (1 in 20) babies jo Zika se infected mother se paida hote hain, unhe congenital conditions hoti hain, jaise:
- Average se chhoti head (microcephaly)
- Congenital Zika syndrome
- Brain development mein kami
- Cerebral palsy
- Vision ya hearing problems
- Low birth weight
Zika Virus ke Effects
Zika virus usually adults aur bachchon ke liye serious nahi hota. Lekin agar ek pregnant person infected hoti hain, toh yeh fetus ke brain development ko properly hone se rok sakta hai aur birth ke time aur health issues cause kar sakta hai. Agar aap pregnant hain aur Zika diagnosed hoti hain, toh aapka pregnancy care provider aapko specific situation mein guide karega. Halanki Zika congenital conditions cause kar sakta hai, lekin yaad rakhein ki zyada tar babies jo Zika infected mothers se paida hote hain unme Zika-related conditions nahi hoti hain.
Zika Se Bachne Ke Tarike
Aap travel aur sex ke dauran Zika se bachne ke liye precautions le sakte hain. Agar aap pregnant hain ya pregnant hone ka plan kar rahe hain aur Zika ke baare mein concerns hain jahan aap rehte hain ya travel kar rahe hain, toh apne healthcare provider se baat karein.